Notes
Peer-reviewed study published in Environmental Science & Technology (American Chemical Society, 2014) by Neelakshi Hudda, Tim Gould, Kris Hartin, Timothy V. Larson, and Scott A. Fruin measuring spatial patterns of particle number (PN) concentrations downwind of Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) using mobile monitoring platforms (MMP) from USC and University of Washington. Study found at least 2-fold PN concentration increases over unimpacted baseline extending to 16 km downwind, and 4- to 5-fold increases at 8–10 km downwind, covering approximately 60 km2. At 8 km downwind, PN concentrations exceeded 75,000 particles/cm3, surpassing average freeway PN concentrations in Los Angeles. Equivalent freeway impact estimated at 280–790 km, compared to total LA freeway network of 1,500 km. Measurements included PN, black carbon (BC), NO, NO2, NOx, and particle surface UV-photoionization potential during prevailing westerly and infrequent northerly winds across 29 monitoring days in 2011–2013.