A 2022 World Health Organization report on environmental noise outlines the health risks posed by traffic, aircraft, and leisure noise, including increased risk of heart disease, sleep disturbance, and hearing impairment. The report recommends that aircraft noise levels stay below 45 dB for average exposure and below 40 dB at night to protect public health. It also defines mitigation strategies ranging from reducing noise at the source to behavior change and community education.

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This chapter from the WHO 2022 compendium addresses environmental noise exposure from traffic, industry, wind turbines, and leisure activities. It outlines health impacts including IHD, hypertension, sleep disturbance, hearing impairment, and cognitive impairment, and provides recommended noise exposure levels for various sources. It also categorizes noise mitigation interventions from source reduction to behaviour change.

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As the source for federal transportation grants, the Puget Sound Regional Council was charged with developing a system to meet the growing need for commercial aviation. When the search for a second airport failed, they authorized the Port of Seattle to build the Third Runway, with a mandate to develop a noise abatement and mitigation program. In their effort to stop the Third Runway, the ACC argued over every detail of the Port's efforts--including property buyouts and sound insulation. The dispute was meant to be settled by a three member Expert Arbitration Panel. This is their final report. It finds 2-1, that the Port's program was insufficient in several respects. Despite that, funding for the Third Runway was approved by the PSRC, and the 'Port Package' program, proceeded largely unchanged. Expert Arbitration Panel's final decision finding that the Port of Seattle had not shown sufficient reduction in real on-the-ground noise impacts to satisfy noise reduction conditions required for approval of a third runway at Sea-Tac International Airport. The majority decision concluded the Port's noise abatement programs were insufficient despite being impressive in scope.

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