ST ROD

4. The Relative Extent of Public and Private Need for the Proposed Work..........2 5. Purpose of Work....................................................................................................3 6. Alternatives ............................................................................................................4 A. Permit Issuance................................................................................................4 B. Permit Issuance with Special Conditions..........................................................4 C. Permit Denial ....................................................................................................4 7. Statutory Authorities and Administrative Determinations Applicable to Proposed Project ...........................................................................4 A. National Environmental Policy Act ....................................................................4 B. Clean Water Act – Section 404 ........................................................................5 C. Clean Air Act.....................................................................................................5 D. National Historic Preservation Act ....................................................................6 E. Endangered Species Act ..................................................................................6 F. Essential Fish Habitat .......................................................................................6 G. Executive Order 11988 – Floodplain Management...........................................7 H. Executive Order 12898 – Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority and Low-Income Populations ......................7 I. FAA Review......................................................................................................7 J. Water Quality Certification................................................................................8 K. Coastal Zone Management Act ........................................................................9 L. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit..................................9 M. Hydraulic Permit Approval ................................................................................9 N. Forest Practices Act..........................................................................................9 O. Port of Seattle Review ....................................................................................10 8. Relevant Background of Corps Involvement ....................................................10 ROD ii 9. Impact Evaluation................................................................................................11 A. Effect on Wetlands .........................................................................................12 B. Fish and Wildlife .............................................................................................17 C. Water Quality..................................................................................................18 D. Historic, Cultural, Scenic, and Recreational Values........................................29 E. Effects on Limits of the Territorial Seas..........................................................30 F. Consideration of Property Ownership.............................................................30 G. Activities Affecting Coastal Zones ..................................................................31 H. Activities in Marine Sanctuaries......................................................................31 I. Other Federal, State, or Local Requirements .................................................31 (1) Endangered Species ..............................................................................31 (2) Essential Fish Habitat .............................................................................36 (3) Environmental Justice.............................................................................37 J. Safety of Impoundment Structures .................................................................38 K. Floodplain Management .................................................................................38 L. Water Supply and Conservation.....................................................................39 M. Energy Conservation and Development .........................................................39 N. Navigation.......................................................................................................39 O. Environmental Benefits...................................................................................39 P. Economics ......................................................................................................39 Q. Mitigation ........................................................................................................41 R. Safety .............................................................................................................41 S. Cumulative…
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